These 3 Harley-Davidson Bikes No Longer Roll Off American Assembly Lines

The Evolution of Harley-Davidson: A Shift in Manufacturing

Harley-Davidson, one of the most iconic American brands, has been a staple in the motorcycle industry since its founding in 1903. Based in Milwaukee, the company has long been synonymous with freedom, adventure, and the open road. Over more than a century, it has become deeply embedded in American culture, evolving from a symbol of counterculture in the 1960s to a global brand that sells nearly 150,000 bikes worldwide each year.

Despite its storied history, Harley-Davidson has faced challenges in recent years. The company has had to navigate economic pressures, including selling loans to stay afloat. However, one of the most significant decisions in recent times involves a controversial move to relocate production for several models, marking a pivotal shift in its manufacturing strategy.

The Impact of Tariffs on Production Decisions

This decision comes as a response to a 31% tariff imposed by the European Union on American-built motorcycles. The tariff is a reaction to previous U.S. trade policies, particularly those involving steel and aluminum. In light of these tariffs, Harley-Davidson has opted to transfer the production of all bikes equipped with the Revolution Max Engine to its plant in Rayong, Thailand, starting with the 2025 model year.

This relocation affects several key models, including the Pan-America, Sportster, and Nightster. These bikes represent a significant portion of Harley’s lineup and are part of the brand’s broader strategy to expand into new markets while maintaining its core identity.

Introducing the Pan-America: A New Era for Adventure Bikes

The Pan-America was introduced in 2018 as part of Harley-Davidson's "More Roads to Harley-Davidson" initiative. This model aimed to diversify the brand beyond its traditional cruiser and touring bikes. Inspired by the success of adventure bikes like the Ducati Multistrada, KTM 1290, and BMW R1250GS, the Pan-America was designed to handle both on-road and off-road conditions.

Equipped with Showa shocks and Brembo disk brakes, the Pan-America features a powerful Twin V-twin engine that delivers 150 horsepower. It quickly became a top-selling adventure bike in North America, proving that Harley could successfully enter the adventure biking market. The bike’s performance in various terrains demonstrated its versatility, making it a standout in the category.

The Sportster and Nightster: Icons of Performance

Alongside the Pan-America, the Sportster and Nightster are also being relocated to Thailand. The Sportster, first introduced in 1957, was designed to offer an alternative to Harley’s heavier cruisers. Over the years, it has evolved into a more athletic machine, challenging sportsbikes from British manufacturers like Triumph and BSA.

The latest generation of the Sportster S, launched in 2021, features a liquid-cooled Revolution Max engine, offering a significant technological upgrade. With traction control and ABS, the Sportster S provides enhanced safety and performance. Despite the changes, it retains the essence of what makes a Sportster unique.

The Nightster, introduced in 2007, serves as the darker counterpart to the Sportster. It offers a more affordable option for riders looking for a sportbike experience without the high price tag. With a Max 975 engine delivering just over 90 horsepower, the Nightster strikes a balance between power and affordability.

What Stays and What Might Return

While some models are being moved overseas, Harley-Davidson’s core lineup of traditional cruisers and touring bikes will remain in the United States. Models such as the Low Rider, Fat Boy, Street Glide, and Road Glide will continue to be produced domestically. These bikes will have their engines and transmissions built in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, before being assembled in York, Pennsylvania.

Harley-Davidson has assured workers and unions that this move is temporary. The company is investing $89 million in a grant from the Department of Energy and an additional $9 million in its American factories. While uncertainty remains, the hope is that this will be the only year where American-sold Harleys are not made in the U.S.